the area Baltic cultures and language
According to experts (project https://www.yfull.com) the age of mutation R-Y4459 about 4200 years ago. And the age of the common ancestor for all branches around 3,400 years ago.
Y4459 branch in turn splits into the following sub-branches:
1. R-YP617 - formed 3,400 years ago.
2. Some rare and small branches. For this reason, their topology is not studied sufficiently. But in any case the formation of branches no earlier than the time of formation of the root SNP.
The number of each branch are very different.
Database (beginning of 2016) shows that directly to rare branches are 12 people (about 7% of the sample), and to a branch YP617 – 154 (about 93% of the sample).
The geography of the distribution of rare branches is well within the area of the Baltic cultures. This regions such as Belarusian Polesie, Podlasie Polish, East Prussia, the region of existence of the Baltic tribe of Goliad in Russia.
Interestingly, among the rare representatives of the branches yet the inhabitants of Western Germany, nor the inhabitants of Finland or the people of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia.
But with the branch YP617 a different story. First, it is more abundant on the right. Secondly, the geographical spread YP617, in addition to the above mentioned ancient cultural centers of the Baltic and includes Finland, Germany, individual haplotypes in Spain, Britain, Italy, Bulgaria, Greece, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Denmark, Sweden, the Czech Republic.
YP617 itself breaks up in turn into the following branches:
1. Some rare and small branches, the situation is exactly the same as in the older branch.
2. R-YP1700 – unfortunately, the formation is not calculated due to insufficient data, but in any case not earlier than the time of formation of root for her Sneap YP617.
3. R-YP573 – was formed about 3400 years ago. It breaks up into small branches and the branch marked by a mutation YP569.
The most interesting and somewhat puzzling is the fact that members of the branch YP569 (in a wider format, such a chain of mutations of intermediate R-Y4459> R-YP617> R-YP573> R-YP569), which has a common ancestor around 1700 years ago – are about 87%! (144) from all project participants with the mutation R-Y4459, or about 50% of all project participants z92 (related to one or another branch).
At first glance the picture looks like this – which rare haplotypes depart directly from the root Y4459 mutations are located in the zone of the hearth of the ancient Baltic cultures - primarily Polish Podlasie and the adjacent regions of Belarus, and the trend spread to the East. Extreme regions of the distribution are the most Eastern regions of existence of the Baltic – Moscow, Russia, Polesie Belarus-Ukraine, Pskov, Russia.
Haplotypes that depart from YP617 have the highest prevalence for z92 generally they are distributed from Spain, Britain, Italy and Finland.